喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKZpzt75Ihm
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRDIG4czICZ
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡifTjaapkCU
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMiAm9fIOiO
因為河道較闊120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNjLE7TJS4b
葡萄牙人都入到去探索120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeNGnFd2cx1
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl9JRswHsqX
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZewtiM0SOQ
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxNw3sNkiaj
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWzqSlx1rFN
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyxJBSjOIks
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPby7ibawCb
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoSlbAhI8Oy
攞到錢就買啲西方產物120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6JQM2rtJK9
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUXXHHUM5Tc
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsWTM6QaB0j
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGdZb31pwLV
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrRgdS4z8Tw
船係行唔到入去嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuuhIfxbbV3
交通非常唔方便120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ20Eg3BRtTe
各個部落亦都分得好散120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ511UeJFTRg
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg3MWJgroY7
所以先畀佢有機可乘120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxGInDzlYsl
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ2YXXUiDv9
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqMDkgCnNKL
舊稱史丹利瀑布120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSYQRS1sLal
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeT7mwyv6z9
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsN3TNZfLCx
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqVEgvufOnw
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKA8j2BVuXg
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr7qZqta7VW
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJOZT2O9tB4
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡklDPuqFIIH
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs7AyUVxq0a
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxeN6mt60zW
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmOrFwX2t3W
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk6MfPe3bEe
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbUhVf9G4kO
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkdNgsyY2Cy
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgoirIZJ9bE
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKxPBG3kQwM
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY1iGmnCOza
北面係雨林南邊就草原120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ69T5v9IyeD
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6ALNHwGDT2
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSD1UdetULf
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ42jMFH0PHk
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrnanv3AtJ8
由農業採礦開始120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn5cqlA7v7r
再慢慢發展工業120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXGlPLxE2Xa
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRYdSMr7TGS
不過佢冇時間咁做120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNoDNccMz8B
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0rcXT0NhyW
可以話係揹到成身街數120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9PLoc8DZHs
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8xqbxACS0m
唔好話發展呀120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSehJhE7ErT
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtqcV4ydOFm
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLTa46GVU1j
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBYTmeBBAhY
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBO6DkMrT4y
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY6g0v7yyfo
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb7WKri6ZHm
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA7ObE5oKca
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz1dcZSDmTM
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJxJXKri0G6
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhXFHKjrZoC
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlTSpLiDjNA
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfJRWhYl5v6
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6PHlOuBvFo
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6A5eeMCLfX
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBxix1qvMQc
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvP799e2zO9
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiDNhEPCUzB
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVa5j1RQ90c
透過呢啲條例同方法120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4tuG3OFmnF
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh2zxlLsnQY
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNXz26Y0USs
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvlictiaiS9
咁邦政府同租界公司120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuPUoPRxQya
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXtqdZQUI9H
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7EyAaPRF13
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYvHWhDL1bm
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhj5u4kY6ej
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ4zxNilOal
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEbb3lSRieL
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP6pir02dzY
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡARyBq1tJzR
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLZVU5lZ8Y9
全長三百幾公里)120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVKJYB55cCz
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwizZvgHV0F
好似人頭稅咁120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfBg3umu9pz
每個成年男人都有一個配額120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj1l7lKIh8k
由租界公司收取120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4zjCvF5Q9c
FP做稅吏追稅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSSHOav9uUk
...似曾相識120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHtR8PKqTkY
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeN5RpskKGI
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡitJM1uqQsN
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdA0DOBZwwK
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwAXxjxRoMc
而喺呢九個租界裡面120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkl969CU3B4
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0mp6MP2e5G
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEO4ayKfRF3
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOLa3XoE7Rq
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkVv4EQ0ph2
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEnLVMkq0Lr
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSih0E8piPA
佢會以三年合約120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0oe4x63Tqz
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZpqxwTXJId
呢個人工其實唔係咁高120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvSogt0Mxtm
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAKYx0zDyYj
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8gck4aVolz
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTNMS7Znrd0
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2LEUpzDGn5
(通常個target係佢管轄區內120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDccyILEyHX
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVIH5CfHIS0
因為橡膠總值嘅2%120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡilR6SNc5jk
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtNC5TvLFxO
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQCpzWz40WU
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF417MZ0jHL
相等於而家63萬港紙左右120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNjyCA3zQvz
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3kE3pgrHj9
(去Working Holiday三年120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKj57B4nzPZ
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUuPiIcLR3O
但係如果唔到target嘅話120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWwkHgZRm9F
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkX61kRQgFY
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzoTWBOMFrB
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8UqutiMdTs
務求喺三年內賺夠走人120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnExtm22FtY
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKOPHXYPOjA
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuzK0kO3IYi
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJHk1BfHVIV
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI81kFCm4rK
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5rjc6y3Yrr
到戰爭完結時120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEjSzk7vTTM
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSeIjwDLlVy
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIkew99zcMc
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9rMQGWlgZV
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnJ6zpwIlFv
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOGFc9l01AH
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ51JwGXG86B
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsBh1As167P
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ80yHRc29dn
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZqpMTB1wJE
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlwuWg3B05H
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzzIIkP3ShN
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZmz17FCiFG
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ03yY3LIDWZ
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEHHDnxioWX
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt5WPEFDHNo
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyEdR6kGgmH
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWbIE3JtyVQ
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfJLM0gzTr8
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlDUxuTkkHl
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCNoRmrVTQr
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbOqj4SEMSY
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuBGa2HBW03
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmGtvcAbqE5
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5VD8HejM1Y
至於其他部分同阿媽呢120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡijM6IqOfko
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1GWYauOJVp
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBeKs8rSa1d
FP最常用嘅招數120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXZmG5k9LSt
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjQVsdL48HG
去逼佢地採集橡膠120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnycYEy7oPT
面對咁嘅壓迫120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkmKOBhA8o6
啲村民當然不滿啦120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqjJSRGZvdn
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpUxk4oD4Jj
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNBfEy4DJEd
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnUPDWuMMBA
不過因為實力差距太大120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQo791l6p5G
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwodttEB5xs
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4EiEtSzu5y
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMf0lgHyX2d
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZvhWgpTrQy
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfDXa5XCDXc
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjm41zLhdyN
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5aMeb66lv4
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd77HC49rnz
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6MM01BhgDr
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnAV9y9LodX
主要對外通道全部都有人把守120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQcrlqkeiet
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSCab0Pmkxd
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMSOrajVcoA
120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX4mnmUN7Fo
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv1uAtITxVQ
啲村民差唔多所有時間120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPzacsfWWHU
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt7oasKp6tU
而近乎完全冇回報120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXCzcbCGL1j
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9TIDPgloHP
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZDwKc7yuPi
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW0tjXD6vnw
去換食物畀屋企人120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo5Kfayz9MV
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkhPBJRQHBI
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi2aUgWABuy
所以飢荒係非常普遍120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcsQrYPomHQ
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI2aNZ60ZeV
可以一家人一齊捱餓120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGl0iBN03eM
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZGsWDdWdwd
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0rGSur7e5T
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOoQjWsZ2ux
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnkAcj0qQCl
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaDZrSod9Tp
橡膠嘅需求直線上升120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPAMnOZlWlh
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZmaFfygHnC
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyxINYnj9RA
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfC4QjmHaKO
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQojFqupuXX
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW8a02u91iG
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡED1Ukac8WZ
120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFRUBIJwXIw
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA1zalvDr1M
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUhea2VhscE
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxh7hkkxVdo
因為地心吸力120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAuLx8pEd1u
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDloPc5a6Gt
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcB1qwbuZbA
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz96C0g7D6r
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmhg9lR80TU
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXE7yyxTvL0
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbtbyQ5AFBV
但係喺1876年120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFr2pDwP9dn
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡChCwciRE2O
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB4L7Oi6uey
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2QwR7CbqNz
主要來自一種攀藤120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUB88hbrDI9
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi5WY8wD6Af
通常會生到三十米以上120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzZfaB7bqna
即係大概十幾層樓高120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5aSi5DF7Go
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ZKX67gboc
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvlkioswh7J
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjBkJ2KuRJF
因為冇主要軀幹120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCWpUFHeON2
啲乳液唔夠集中120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg3PxaHzuGK
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡelLAqcgTtv
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡebifr861Oj
就係爬上樹頂120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ5rxpdh4Hb
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8nYIc1RSai
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM7AGosvAHd
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqVJovY0Bny
仲非常晒時間120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsAvH2egOrh
一日最多榨到兩至三棵120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6rzkR1JqVp
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWRE0qgcnQW
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTKSsn5ImP6
120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2RWHAt7vQD
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmuV9jCuAZP
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnmz6vi8F39
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLomzojhO4u
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDZeEnXHyYj
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj2JCc8cT0N
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqMo7dUZi33
令效率進一步降低120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqIz3m8rKOR
以致到咗1890年代中期120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0yzj8RYe0S
一個成年男丁120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCfu8HIgwNP
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTcmXaNIRNY
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA5fT460dCg
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG2EC6aWfll
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpJP5vnzY9Q
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0MslMRAARZ
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8oXIv2ns7P
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTNnAM1oN5n
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEGZXQgLSEq
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8FH9yDA61Z
以A.B.I.R.為例120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkMyHaDW9SW
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAGArFir3wR
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFSNeKHsZas
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyPaP7Id10V
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdEbEwE1Kgd
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl5a44WNK3h
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH3n06xzPX7
120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu0HLnrA9Xy
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDaBd7rSHPf
同回購租界公司嘅股份120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWEQgl1h7wI
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHHqx8cEOy8
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwfTtl3vMK2
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWtWttzwFN7
比利時因此國泰民安120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3vTVA4nyO7
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHGjS7n3oeA
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ17lQfLD3nf
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQr98LIu1n9
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3JmZuakVN2
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLD1WjwUn4x
120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHMrykjSpop
120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4elCUS6V0K
...待續
120Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjT57N59Ge3
and then Add to home screen.