白蘑菇上的啡點，大多是由名為P. tolaasii 的細菌引起，學名為Brown Blotch Disease(Ref1)。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkdLSxGs9On
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雖然P. tolaasii 細菌不會使人染病，但普遍大多數消費者也不會購買帶有啡點的蘑菇，只會買下白色乾淨且有彈性的白蘑菇。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4C57Ti9jsn
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基於Brown Blotch Disease的傳染性非常之高的關係，當有一顆蘑菇受到感染，其後波及的面積將會非常巨大，讓農夫們蒙受損失。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLtySkCofS0
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而這種細菌同時亦會波及士多啤梨椰菜花等農作物，故此絕對不能忽視。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOBiqx7gPeb
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（圖2）已知的是，P. tolaasii 細菌會產生名為tolaasins的物質，在白蘑菇表面上產生微孔，導致啡黑色的圓點出現。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9fqdWMatkt
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（圖3）近日有科學家發表文章（Ref2)，證實另一種類的細菌M. tolaasinivorans /M. lacteus能將環狀結構的tolaasins轉變成直線結構。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc6Nb8shCP6
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而最為重要的是，直線結構的tolaasins再也沒有能力在白蘑菇上產生啡點。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHJlfzdWH1o
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（圖4）他們亦發現，M.tolaasinivorans /M. Lacteus 同時亦能破壞P. tolaasii裡頭一隻名為pseudodesmin物質的部份結構，得以減慢P. tolaasii的生長速度。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKLr5sJcMTu
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此項發現除了揭示可以利用細菌擊倒細菌此等手法保護農作物的手法外，同時亦指引科學家們可以研究出針對破壞該兩種物質的化學物，作為另一種保護白蘑菇等農作物外觀的手段。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj9W4V5dSfY
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「同類」擊倒同類，滲透繼而分化的破壞力，絕對是不容忽視的。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpvNxe0fPcq
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI4SWUm3bks
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡddjLoIiANh
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7PKBPu6xXf
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLNaCEejfEH
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxh2xmeKrQY
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Ref1:https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/23/5/591/5332401408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLXfyzjX3wk
Ref2:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32868430/1408Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCYV1f9dgJJ
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