科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–膀胱如何避免受到尿液致病細菌感染

因人而異，膀胱/尿袋 (Urinary Bladder)一般來說可以儲存300-500ml尿液。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFD0zxdptZX
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRB3GwZg9Mr
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1TDz2XoFEV
尿液的其中一個功能，就是將體內的毒素或細菌排出，而膀胱經常有大量尿液儲存，為罪惡的蘊藏之所，體內的警署。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYC4VPESBtG
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnsct8HVOPy
想深一層，身體的細菌經由尿液聚首一堂，膀胱豈不是非常容易令受到感染?1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXLY3qmyjNn
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpEha8cy3fI
（致病的細菌及毒素亦可從糞便排出）1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJjIcTAOi6o
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrM5zfcd6hA
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaH5nOtuNpf
（圖2）尿調理素(Uromodulin/Tamm–Horsfall Protein)是尿液其中一種常見的主要蛋白，主要在腎臟管道生產。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡafUP00T7Al
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ93TFzyPuC6
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6UsW3NzNyO
它被認定為有抵禦細菌感染的作用，但一直以來也沒有充分的證據得以證明。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu7PH95z3Kv
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnaF76tqpPj
近日，有科學家利用最新的電子顯微鏡技術及各種實驗輔證（Ref1)，終於確立得到尿調理素抵禦細菌感染的功能。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3bTlU8yuXi
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpmKi52FwCG
（圖3）先簡單重溫一下細菌的外部結構，今次我們會特別著重提及Pili，它賦予細菌與外部接觸的能力。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1BGEwWVJgg
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcyydOyWkqe
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtR2w3n4a1B
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD7NrtKttLN
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ74T51HIzV2
（圖4）左邊是文中的圖片，黃色箭嘴頭所指示的就是細菌的pili，它能夠與uromodulin建立非常穩定的連結；1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3PYe7YYuPj
箇中的連結需要糖份組織的幫助。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzUmGFkYBNv
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ61kwcUXuEq
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKN2URbGaa7
（圖5）Uromodulin在尿液的大量存在，將會強迫致病的大腸桿菌聚在一起，以免大腸桿菌能夠與膀胱內壁接觸及進行感染。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5nmqOaZqoA
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnyQZtl7OmD
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtEDApwEheW
以壓倒性的數量，簡單將致病的大腸桿菌聚集及封鎖在一起，這種防禦機制相對地直接簡單。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLTLVFjTvAb
至於Uromodulin能否與所有已知的致命細菌結合、會否有著其他的機制及功能，還需要進一步的調查。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaqIoF2lIP6
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkv6SpuGtmF
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJhXlpf805C
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7ji6u3Z3mK
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhAzYNXrtsN
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT0eHuvkmPE
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNPDVRUiiUM
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaHYj1RvVFj
Link:1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlcfXo3onOW
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVVDmTK9aTB
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFFj2tVxPIy
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ3wRzl8i4x
有興趣接收科普資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2s19XCYYv6
1135Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyg1VRyOrxF
Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6506/1005?ijkey=e112b23dc73c7c7bd746a5711869e4bf44026346&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha